has been made in different ways by Nida (1945) and Quine (1960). Yet it is a point not always appreciated.6 According to Tymoczko, translation is not simply changing a sentence in one language into the equivalent in the second language by using the semantic devices of the second language. If it were, translation would simply be a form of applied semantics. But in reality semantics itself is a high-level interdisciplinary subject. This means that translation is interdisciplinary, also. Thus he concludes
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